Science fiction - Wikipedia. Artwork by David Revoy for the preproduction of the fourth open movie of the Blender Foundation, . Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a .
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- The Fifth Element (French: Le Cinquième Élément) is a 1997 English-language French science-fiction action film directed and co-written by Luc Besson.
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- Science fiction (often shortened to SF or sci-fi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and.
Author and editor Damon Knight summed up the difficulty, saying . Glassy, who argues that the definition of science fiction is like the definition of pornography: you do not know what it is, but you know it when you see it. Wells and Edgar Allan Poe type of story—a charming romance intermingled with scientific fact and prophetic vision. Science fiction is the improbable made possible. Science fiction elements include: A time setting in the future, in alternative timelines, or in a historical past that contradicts known facts of history or the archaeological record. A spatial setting or scenes in outer space (e.
A True Story, written in the 2nd century AD by the Hellenized Syrian satirist Lucian, contains many themes and tropes that are characteristic of modern science fiction, including travel to other worlds, extraterrestrial lifeforms, interplanetary warfare, and artificial life, and is considered by some to be the first science fiction novel. Francis Bacon's The New Atlantis (1. Isaac Asimov and Carl Sagan considered Kepler's work the first science fiction story. Wells and Jules Verne created a body of work that became popular across broad cross- sections of society. It is a seminal depiction of an alien invasion of Earth. In the late 1. 9th century, the term .
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This produced additional offshoots, such as the 1. Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions by Edwin Abbott Abbott. The term would continue to be used into the early 2. Olaf Stapledon. In the early 2.
American SF writers, influenced by Hugo Gernsback, the founder of Amazing Stories magazine. The 1. 92. 8 publication of Philip Francis Nowlan's original Buck Rogers story, Armageddon 2. Amazing Stories was a landmark event. This story led to comic strips featuring Buck Rogers (1.
Brick Bradford (1. Flash Gordon (1. 93. The comic strips and derivative movie serials greatly popularized science fiction. In the late 1. 93.
John W. Campbell became editor of Astounding Science Fiction, and a critical mass of new writers emerged in New York City in a group called the Futurians, including Isaac Asimov, Damon Knight, Donald A. Wollheim, Frederik Pohl, James Blish, Judith Merril, and others. Heinlein, Arthur C. Clarke, Olaf Stapledon, and A. Working outside the Campbell influence were Ray Bradbury and Stanis. Campbell's tenure at Astounding is considered to be the beginning of the Golden Age of science fiction, characterized by hard SF stories celebrating scientific achievement and progress. Gold, and a new generation of writers began writing stories with less emphasis on the hard sciences and more on the social sciences.
In the 1. 95. 0s, the Beat generation included speculative writers such as William S. Sci Fi Movies Dvd Soy Nero (2017). In the 1. 96. 0s and early 1. Frank Herbert, Samuel R.
Delany, Roger Zelazny, and Harlan Ellison explored new trends, ideas, and writing styles, while a group of writers, mainly in Britain, became known as the New Wave for their embrace of a high degree of experimentation, both in form and in content, and a highbrow and self- consciously . Le Guin and others pioneered soft science fiction. Dick, such as Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? The Star Wars franchise helped spark a new interest in space opera. Cherryh's detailed explorations of alien life and complex scientific challenges influenced a generation of writers. Lois Mc. Master Bujold's Vorkosigan novels brought the character- driven story back into prominence. Stargate SG- 1, a TV series, premiered on July 2.
Spin- offs include the animated television series Stargate Infinity, the TV series Stargate Atlantis and Stargate Universe, and the direct- to- DVD films Stargate: The Ark of Truth and Stargate: Continuum. Stargate SG- 1 surpassed The X- Files as the longest- running North American science fiction television series, a record later broken by Smallville. This topic has been more often discussed in literary and sociological than in scientific forums.
Cinema and media theorist Vivian Sobchack examines the dialogue between science fiction films and the technological imagination. Technology impacts artists and how they portray their fictionalized subjects, but the fictional world gives back to science by broadening imagination. How William Shatner Changed the World is a documentary that gave a number of real- world examples of actualized technological imaginations. While more prevalent in the early years of science fiction with writers like Arthur C. Clarke, new authors still find ways to make currently impossible technologies seem closer to being realized. Some accurate predictions of the future come from the hard science fiction subgenre, but numerous inaccurate predictions have emerged as well. Landis, David Brin.
Forward, while mathematician authors include Rudy Rucker and Vernor Vinge. Other noteworthy hard SF authors include Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, Hal Clement, Greg Bear, Larry Niven, Robert J. Sawyer, Stephen Baxter, Alastair Reynolds, Charles Sheffield, Ben Bova, Kim Stanley Robinson, Anne Mc.
Caffrey, Andy Weir and Greg Egan. Soft science fiction. Noteworthy writers in this category include Ursula K. Le Guin and Philip K. Common themes in cyberpunk include advances in information technology and especially the Internet, visually abstracted as cyberspace, artificial intelligence, and cybernetics and post- democratic societal control where corporations have more influence than governments. Nihilism, post- modernism, and film noir techniques are common elements, and the protagonists may be disaffected or reluctant anti- heroes.
Noteworthy authors in this genre are William Gibson, Bruce Sterling, Neal Stephenson, and Pat Cadigan. James O'Ehley has called the 1. Blade Runner a definitive example of the cyberpunk visual style. The first major time- travel novel was Mark Twain's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. The most famous is H. Wells' 1. 89. 5 novel The Time Machine, which uses a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively, while Twain's time traveler is struck in the head. The term time machine, coined by Wells, is now universally used to refer to such a vehicle.
Back to the Future is one of the most popular movie franchises in this category; Doctor Who is a similarly popular long- running television franchise. Stories of this type are complicated by logical problems such as the grandfather paradox. Time travel continues to be a popular subject in modern science fiction, in print, movies, and television. Alternate history.
These stories may use time travel to change the past, or may simply set a story in a universe with a different history from our own. Classics in the genre include Bring the Jubilee by Ward Moore, in which the South wins the American Civil War, and The Man in the High Castle by Philip K. Funny Comedian Videos SPF 18 (2017). Dick, in which Germany and Japan win World War II. The Sidewise Award acknowledges the best works in this subgenre; the name is taken from Murray Leinster's 1.
Sidewise in Time. Harry Turtledove is one of the most prominent authors in the subgenre and is sometimes called the .
Stories include detail about military technology, procedure, ritual, and history; military stories may use parallels with historical conflicts. Heinlein's Starship Troopers is an early example, along with the Dorsai novels of Gordon Dickson. Joe Haldeman's The Forever War is a critique of the genre, a Vietnam- era response to the World War II–style stories of earlier authors. Williamson, S. Stirling, and John Carr.
The publishing company Baen Books is known for cultivating several of these military science fiction authors. This can stem either from natural causes such as in Olaf Stapledon's novel Odd John, Theodore Sturgeon's More Than Human, and Philip Wylie's Gladiator, or be the result of scientific advances, such as the intentional augmentation in A.
The Fifth Element - Wikipedia. This article is about the film. For other uses, see Fifth Element. The Fifth Element (French: Le Cinqui.
It stars Bruce Willis, Gary Oldman and Milla Jovovich. Primarily set in the 2. Earth, which becomes the responsibility of Korben Dallas (Willis), a taxicab driver and former special forces major, after a young woman (Jovovich) falls into his cab. Dallas joins forces with her to recover four mystical stones essential for the defence of Earth against an impending attack. Besson started writing the story that became The Fifth Element when he was 1. Besson wanted to shoot the film in France, but suitable locations could not be found; filming took place instead in London and Mauritania.
Comics writers Jean . Costume design was by Jean Paul Gaultier. The Fifth Element received mainly positive reviews, although it tended to polarize critics.
It has been called both the best and worst summer blockbuster of all time. The film was a financial success, earning more than $2. At the time of its release it was the most expensive European film ever made, and it remained the highest- grossing French film at the international box office until the release of The Intouchables in 2. In 1. 91. 4, aliens known as Mondoshawans arrive at an ancient Egyptian temple to collect, for safekeeping concerning World War I, the only weapon capable of defeating a great evil that appears every 5,0. The weapon consists of four stones, containing the essences of the four classical elements, and a sarcophagus containing a fifth element in the form of a human, which combines the power of the other four elements into a divine light capable of defeating the evil.
The Mondoshawans promise their human contact, a priest from a secret order, that they will come back with the weapon in time to stop the great evil when it returns. In 2. 26. 3. The Mondoshawans' current contact on Earth, priest Vito Cornelius, informs the President of the Federated Territories of the history of the great evil and the weapon that can stop it. As the Mondoshawans return to Earth they are ambushed by Mangalores, a race hired by the industrialist Jean- Baptiste Emanuel Zorg, who has been directed by the great evil (sending messages as “Mister Shadow”) to acquire the element stones. The Mondoshawans' spacecraft is destroyed, and the only .
Scientists take it to a New York City laboratory and use it to reconstruct a powerful humanoid woman who takes the name Leeloo. Terrified of the unfamiliar surroundings, she breaks out of confinement and jumps off a high ledge, crashing into the flying taxicab of Korben Dallas, a former major in the special forces. Dallas delivers Leeloo to Cornelius and his apprentice, David, whereupon it is revealed that she is the Fifth Element. Cornelius learns from her that the element stones were not on the Mondoshawans' ship, as they entrusted the stones to the alien Diva Plavalaguna, an opera singer.
Zorg kills many of the Mangalores because of their failure to obtain the stones, but their surviving compatriots determine to seize the artifacts in revenge. Upon learning from the Mondoshawans that the stones are in Plavalaguna's possession, General Munro, Dallas' former superior, recommissions Dallas and orders him to travel undercover to the planet Fhloston to meet Plavalaguna on a luxury cruise; Dallas takes Leeloo with him. Meanwhile, Cornelius instructs David to prepare the temple designed to house the stones, then stows away on the space plane transporting Dallas to the cruise liner. Plavalaguna is killed when the Mangalores attack the cruise ship, but Dallas succeeds in retrieving the stones from the Diva. During his struggle with the Mangalores he kills their leader. Meanwhile, Zorg arrives, shooting and seriously wounding Leeloo before taking a carrying case that he presumes contains the stones back to his spacecraft, leaving behind a time bomb that forces the liner's occupants to evacuate.
Discovering the case to be empty, Zorg returns to the ship and deactivates his bomb, but a dying Mangalore sets off his own device, destroying the ship and killing Zorg. Dallas, Cornelius, Leeloo, and talk- show host Ruby Rhod escape with the stones aboard Zorg's spacecraft. The four join up with David at the weapon chamber in the temple as the great evil approaches. They arrange the stones and activate them with their corresponding elements, but having witnessed and studied so much violence, Leeloo has become disenchanted with humanity and refuses to cooperate.
Dallas confesses his love for Leeloo and kisses her. In response, Leeloo combines the power of the stones as the Fifth Element and releases the divine light on the great evil, destroying its power and causing the planet to be proclaimed dead by Earth scientists as it becomes another moon in Earth orbit. In an interview Besson stated The Fifth Element was not a . He wanted viewers to reach the point where Leeloo states . Telotte, writing in the book Science Fiction Film, credited the film with exploring the theme of political corruption.
The authors accused the film of erasing women from the introductory scenes, noting that Leeloo's reconstruction marked only the second appearance of a female in the film's first 2. When females appear in the film, they do so as passive objects, such as the sexualised flight and Mc.
Donald's attendants; or stripped of their femininity, such as the . With the exception of Tiny Lister's portrayal of the President, all males in the film were considered to be as unmanly as possible in various ways, such as Ruby Rhod's effeminacy, Vito Cornelius's clumsy form of speech, and General Munro's stupidity; their purpose was to make Korben's masculinity appear . Korben's journey, however, is under threat not only from the Mangalores and Zorg, but also from Leeloo, who relents and helps him only at the last minute, accepting his declaration of love. The love story within The Fifth Element was considered to be one of the main narratives in the film, and it faces the same deadline as the main storyline.
Hayward also considered the issue of environmental damage, in so far as waste and pollution are visible throughout the film. Whereas science fiction films often show a world wherein some new technology or threat either surpasses or fails humanity, The Films of Luc Besson included The Fifth Element amongst the minority of science fiction films that . The film was said to be skeptical of capitalist consumerism, in so far as the gadgets in Zorg's office make an unhealthy obsession of his lust for technology. The tension between technology and man is treated as a problem requiring a final resolution. Production. He began writing the script when he was 1.
There he meets Leeloo, a . Besson continued to work on and modify the storyline for years; by the time his documentary film Atlantis was released in 1. Nicolas Seydoux and Patrice Ledoux from Gaumont were the first people to take on the project. In November 1. 99. Besson met French comics creators Jean Giraud and Jean- Claude M.
Five other artists were hired for the project, and Jean Paul Gaultier was hired to design the film's costumes. The team spent a year creating over 8,0. Besson approached both Bruce Willis and Mel Gibson for the lead role. Willis expressed interest, though he was reluctant to take on the role as the film was considered risky after his previous two films, Hudson Hawk and Billy Bathgate, had been received poorly; Gibson eventually turned down the role. While the team impressed film companies with their designs, they struggled to find one willing to take on the film's budget of almost $1.
In December 1. 99. Besson went on to direct the commercially successful film L. While shooting and releasing Leon, he continued to work on the script for The Fifth Element, shortening it and reducing the film's budget to $9. Columbia Pictures, who had a partnership in Leon, agreed to finance the film.