Midwifery - Wikipedia. This article is about the health science and the health profession. For the medical specialty, see obstetrics. Midwifery, also known as obstetrics, is a health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the newborn). A professional in midwifery is known as a midwife. A 2. 01. 3 Cochrane review concluded that .
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This excellent midwifery course is accredited by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). It will teach you how to become a midwife and care for the health of the. Midwifery, also known as obstetrics, is a health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the. Individuals searching for How to Become a Registered Nurse Midwife found the links, articles, and information on this page helpful. Statistics and data. Download reports and request data from AHPRA. Download quarterly statistics reports.
However, midwifery- led care was also associated with a longer mean length of labor as measured in hours. Women are typically offered a Pap smear and urine analysis (UA), and blood tests including a complete blood count (CBC), blood typing (including Rh screen), syphilis, hepatitis, HIV, and rubella testing. The woman's blood pressure, height and weight are measured. Her past pregnancies and family, social, and medical history are discussed. Women may have an ultrasound scan during the first trimester which may be used to help find the estimated due date. Some women may have genetic testing, such as screening for Down's Syndrome.
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Diet, exercise, and discomforts such as morning sickness are discussed. The mother's partner and/or the labor coach may accompany her.
The midwife will discuss pregnancy issues such as fatigue, heartburn, varicose veins, and other common problems such as back pain. Blood pressure and weight are monitored and the midwife measures the mother's abdomen to see if the baby is growing as expected. Lab tests such as a UA, CBC, and glucose tolerance test are done if the midwife feels they are necessary. Weight, blood pressure, and abdominal measurements will continue to be done. Lab tests such as a CDC and UA may be done with additional testing done for at- risk pregnancies. The midwife palpates the woman's abdomen to establish the lie, presentation and position of the fetus and later, the engagement.
A pelvic exam may be done to see if the mother's cervix is dilating. The membranes have ruptured and the cervix is fully dilated. Childbirth is divided into four stages. First stage of labor The first stage of labour involves the opening of the cervix. Contractions gradually become stronger, more frequent, and longer lasting. Second stage of labor During the second stage the baby begins to move down the birth canal. As the baby moves to the opening of the vagina it .
At one time an . If desired, the baby's father may cut the cord. In the past the cord was cut shortly after birth, but there is growing evidence that delayed cord- cutting may benefit the infant. Just like the contractions in the first stage of labour they may experience one or two of these. The World Health Organization describes this period as the most critical and yet the most neglected phase in the lives of mothers and babies. Movies On Dvd Meet Me In Montenegro (2015). As of 2. 01. 4, early skin- to- skin contact is endorsed by all major organizations that are responsible for the well- being of infants.
The midwife does regular assessments for uterine contraction, fundal height. The midwife also monitors the baby's pulse rate, palpates the mother's abdomen to monitor the baby's position, and does vaginal checks as needed. If the birth deviates from the norm at any stage, the midwife requests assist from a more highly trained health care provider.
Birthing positions. The lithotomy position was not used until the advent of forceps in the seventeenth century and since then childbirth has progressively moved from a woman supported experience in the home to a medical intervention within the hospital. There are significant advantages to assuming an upright position in labor and birth, such as stronger and more efficient uterine contractions aiding cervical dilatation, increased pelvic inlet and outlet diameters and improved uterine contractility.
Women who leave before this do so against medical advice. Women may choose when to leave the hospital. Full postnatal assessments are conducted daily whilst inpatient, or more frequently if needed. A postnatal assessment includes the woman's observations, general well being, breasts (either a discussion and assistance with breastfeeding or a discussion about lactation suppression), abdominal palpation (if she has not had a caesarean section) to check for involution of the uterus, or a check of her caesarean wound (the dressing doesn't need to be removed for this), a check of her perineum, particularly if she tore or had stitches, reviewing her lochia, ensuring she has passed urine and had her bowels open and checking for signs and symptoms of a DVT. The baby is also checked for jaundice, signs of adequate feeding, or other concerns.
The baby has a nursery exam between six and seventy two hours of birth to check for conditions such as heart defects, hip problems, or eye problems. In the community, the community midwife sees the woman at least until day ten. This does not mean she sees the woman and baby daily, but she cannot discharge them from her care until day ten at the earliest. Postnatal checks include neonatal screening test (NST, or heel prick test) around day five. The baby is weighed and the midwife plans visits according to the health and needs of mother and baby.
They are discharged to the care of the health visitor. Care of the newborn. This is a score out of 1. These areas are: colour, respiratory effort, tone, heart rate, and response to stimuli. The midwife checks the baby for any obvious problems, weighs the baby, and measure head circumference.
The midwife ensures the cord has been clamped securely and the baby has the appropriate name tags on (if in hospital). Babies lengths are not routinely measured. The midwife performs these checks as close to the mother as possible and returns the baby to the mother quickly. Skin- to- skin is encouraged, as this regulates the baby's heart rate, breathing, oxygen saturation, and temperature—and promotes bonding and breastfeeding. In some countries, such as Chile, the midwife is the professional who can direct neonatal intensive care units. This is an advantage for these professionals, because this professionals can use the knowledge in perinatology to bring a high quality care of the newborn, with medical or surgical conditions.
Midwifery- led continuity of care. This is different from .
All trials in the Cochrane review included licensed midwives, and none included lay or traditional midwives. Also, no trial included out of hospital birth. These events may be sudden and unpredictable which puts a large amount of stress on the attending midwives. When these situations occur midwives general have a lack of control and can become quickly stressed. Russia, 1. 7th century. In ancient Egypt, midwifery was a recognized female occupation, as attested by the Ebers Papyrus which dates from 1.
BCE. Five columns of this papyrus deal with obstetrics and gynecology, especially concerning the acceleration of parturition and the birth prognosis of the newborn. The Westcar papyrus, dated to 1. BCE, includes instructions for calculating the expected date of confinement and describes different styles of birth chairs. Bas reliefs in the royal birth rooms at Luxor and other temples also attest to the heavy presence of midwifery in this culture. He states in his work, Gynecology, that “a suitable person will be literate, with her wits about her, possessed of a good memory, loving work, respectable and generally not unduly handicapped as regards her senses .
In the East, some women advanced beyond the profession of midwife (maia) to that of gynaecologist (iatros gynaikeios, translated as women's doctor), for which formal training was required. Also, there were some gynecological tracts circulating in the medical and educated circles of the East that were written by women with Greek names, although these women were few in number. Based on these facts, it would appear that midwifery in the East was a respectable profession in which respectable women could earn their livelihoods and enough esteem to publish works read and cited by male physicians.